Surge in kidney disease among young adults raises alarm across India

New Delhi: The rising incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) among young adults in India is causing increasing alarm among healthcare experts. Vitus Care has expressed concern over the significant uptick in ESRD cases in adults aged 25-55, a demographic that previously showed lower vulnerability to kidney disease. This new trend, combined with the already high prevalence of the disease in older populations, is placing immense pressure on India’s healthcare system.

Kidney diseases, particularly ESRD, lead to serious health complications, including decreased urination, fatigue, vomiting, swelling, high blood pressure, and eventually life-threatening conditions. Dr. Saurabh Pokhariyal, Co-founder of Vitus Care, highlighted the grave nature of the situation, noting that kidney disease is linked to increased morbidity and mortality rates in the country. “Kidney disease symptoms often develop gradually and can be life-threatening if not managed properly,” he said.

Experts attribute this surge in kidney disease to various factors, with lifestyle choices such as diets high in processed foods rich in unhealthy fats, oils, salt and sugar and environmental conditions playing significant roles. The rise in obesity, Type II diabetes, and hypertension—largely linked to sedentary lifestyles and diets high in processed foods—are seen as primary contributors. These conditions, particularly when present together, accelerate kidney failure at a younger age, causing greater concern for public health officials.

Environmental factors are also exacerbating the crisis. Exposure to heavy metals in water supplies and pesticides in food can lead to kidney inflammation and damage. Furthermore, the misuse of over-the-counter painkillers and antibiotics, known for their adverse effects on kidney function, has further contributed to rising ESRD cases.

Genetic predisposition is another important element in the growing number of young people diagnosed with kidney failure. Conditions like Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) can manifest early in life, leading to rapid renal deterioration.

The sharp increase in ESRD rates has led to a surge in demand for dialysis services and kidney transplants across the country. Medical experts are urging the public to take proactive measures to protect their kidney health by making necessary lifestyle changes.

“By adopting lifestyle modifications such as a balanced diet, regular physical activity, taking medication for diabetes and hypertension, and avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption one can keep kidney disease at bay,” advised Dr. Pokhariyal.

To address the growing epidemic of kidney disease among young adults, the medical community is emphasizing preventive measures. Greater public awareness of the risks associated with lifestyle diseases and the importance of early intervention is crucial. Experts suggest that educating children and young adults on maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including reducing salt and processed food intake and staying active, will be vital in combating this growing health crisis.