UK–US pharma policies and US manufacturing shape global investment strategies, says GlobalData

New Delhi: The recent UK–US policy developments are reshaping global pharmaceutical investment and launch strategies, as governments on both sides of the Atlantic seek to secure supply, attract capital, and accelerate patient access, says GlobalData, a leading intelligence and productivity platform.

In December 2025, the UK announced a landmark pharmaceuticals agreement with the US, granting UK-made medicines and medical technologies tariff-free access to the US market for at least three years. Alongside this, the UK committed to a roughly 25% increase in net NHS spending on innovative medicines and raised NICE’s cost-effectiveness thresholds, reforms designed to speed access to breakthrough therapies and reinforce the UK’s ambition to become Europe’s leading life sciences economy by 2030.

Edita Hamzic, Healthcare Analyst at GlobalData, says: “Zero-tariff access to the US, combined with more predictable and generous domestic pricing, gives the UK a rare structural advantage in attracting early launches, clinical trials, and high-value manufacturing.”

Ministers have already cited multi-billion-pound commitments from Moderna, Bristol Myers Squibb, and BioNTech as evidence that tariff certainty and pricing reforms are strengthening confidence in the UK as an R&D and manufacturing base.

GlobalData’s Bio/Pharmaceutical Outsourcing Report reveals that the Trump administration has set deadlines for companies to fulfill MFN commitments, requiring them to transfer US consumption-related manufacturing in exchange for three-year tariff exemptions. Nearly $500 billion in US R&D and manufacturing investment has been pledged outside MFN deals, but uncertainties around Section 232 investigations and potential future tariffs complicate long-term planning for multinational companies.

At the same time, Novo Nordisk recently received an FDA warning letter for cGMP violations at its Bloomington, Indiana facility, emphasizing regulatory scrutiny of US production. Meanwhile, Novartis announced a $23 billion, five-year investment to expand its US infrastructure, including a new North Carolina hub for end-to-end medicine production, expected to be operational by 2027–2028, creating hundreds of direct and thousands of indirect jobs.

Hamzic concludes: “Pharmaceutical investment decisions are increasingly being shaped by policy durability rather than cost alone. While the US remains unmatched in scale, regulatory scrutiny and tariff uncertainty are raising execution risks, prompting companies to diversify manufacturing and launch strategies. The UK’s combination of tariff-free US access and improved domestic pricing creates a compelling near-term proposition for early launches and advanced manufacturing, particularly for innovators seeking speed and predictability. For CDMOs, this environment favors flexible, multi-region capabilities, as sponsors prioritize resilience and optionality over single-market concentration.”